Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Contains threads on Royal Navy equipment of the past, present and future.

Which Anti-Ship Missile Should be Selected for the Type 26?

Lockheed Martin LRASM
164
52%
Kongsberg NSM
78
25%
Boeing Harpoon Next Gen
44
14%
MBDA Exocet Blk III
21
7%
None (stick to guided ammo and FASGW from Helicopters)
8
3%
 
Total votes: 315

tomuk
Senior Member
Posts: 1500
Joined: 20 Dec 2017, 20:24
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by tomuk »

Poiuytrewq wrote:Are you aware that the first three Mk45's with associated auto magazines cost around £60m per hull. Hardly chicken feed.
The cost per ship isn't £60m. You've taken the whole contract cost (includes development, design, manufacture and ammunition) and divided by three. The cost per gun set will be less.
Poiuytrewq wrote:Having 2 out of 8 Type 26's constantly committed to TAP's is always going to be a colossal waste of very limited resources for RN.
Isn't it just one ship allocated to TAPS. Would it not be better to have the flexibility of using 1/8 rather than 1/2 of your specialised T26 (TAPS) subclass. Plus if the T26(TAPS) was used for another task it wouldn't be a credible warship a la T31 due to its reduced weapons fit.

Scimitar54
Senior Member
Posts: 1714
Joined: 13 Jul 2015, 05:10
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Scimitar54 »

So what are you arguing for, 6 x Full Fat T26 and 2 x Neutered T26, because that is what you will end up with by pursuing this line of thinking! Lowering the capability of some ships reduces flexibility and overall capability. The ultimate destination of which will inevitably be CAPITULATION. :mrgreen:

Scimitar54
Senior Member
Posts: 1714
Joined: 13 Jul 2015, 05:10
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Scimitar54 »

Do you seriously want to put the CASD deterrent at risk? :idea:

donald_of_tokyo
Senior Member
Posts: 5567
Joined: 06 May 2015, 13:18
Japan

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by donald_of_tokyo »

Ron5 wrote:From the Daily Telegraph. Checkout the build price quoted.
Type 26 frigate: Inside the world's most advanced warship...
...The £3.7bn for the first three works out at £1.3bn in development and design, with each ship costing £800m to build.
Great info. Thanks a lot. Interesting is their CAD based agile approach for its design control. Great technology. I guess it is one of the reasons Australia and Canada selected T26 out of other proposals.

On the cost,
£3.7bn total = "£1.3bn in development and design" and "£800 x3" on build
is reasonable. Fit well in as we argued before (initial + detail-design costs ~2 unit cost equivalent (or even more)). (Definition of unit cost here is "the cost needed to add one more hull (in this case, the 9th hull)" (which is surely much cheaper than the average cost)) *1

In this case, "~2 unit cost" is £640 x 2 = £1.3B. Good match!

All equipments for the first 3 T26 has been purchased (no cross over from T23), and included in the £3.7B contract. So, if there were GFE added, it could be quite small. So, this is the build cost. Interesting.
Lessons learned from each vessel could allow BAE to cut the price per hull by a fifth.
This statement itself is also reasonable = logical, while I think it means "the last hull (8th) will cost £640M (without inflation correction)", AND if no modification was applied.
Caribbean wrote:That's the way I see it. We now have more clarity on the actual build costs vs the total program costs for both the T26 and the T31, which is great, but unfortunately you still have to spend the money on the rest of the program costs. The initial development and design costs of £1.3 billion will add £162 million to the cost of each of the 8 frigates, so a build cost of £640 to 800 million per hull will become a program cost of between £802 and £962 million and there is still the initial maintenance and training contract to add to that. I would not be surprised if that added more than £50 million to the cost per hull, for a 10-year contract. Then add in the actual running costs. When you look at it that way - £2 billion pounds could only buy two more T26s, (though with maybe enough left over for another River B2)
T26 is more high-end than T31, so its operating cost is surely higher than T31, by its nature. Comparing the capabilities, the cost difference is also reasonable. The crew size of T26 will be 157+flight ~ 180 or more. That of T31 is stated to be 100+flight ~ 110-120. (But, as natural, it will grow a little at the last moment), which will be reflected into the operation cost. I do not think T26 is too expensive, nor T31 is too cheap. Simply these cost reflect their capability.

Now, we must be careful that we do not know the actual build cost of T31. The £1.25B contract with Babcock does include detailed-design cost (re-formatting the existing Iver Huitfeldt detail-design (note it is not only the blue print, it is the full set of all procedure)), but it does NOT include some of the GFE (including CMS integration of SeaCeptor system, software and CAMM LMS and 12 mushrooms) and other support costs (included in £750M). I guess actually unit cost (=cost needed to add one more T31 = 6th hull) will be around £250-300M.

*1: Note I understand £640M figure is for the 9th hull. As the learning curve grows, the cost of the 6th hull of T26 might be a bit expensive. Say, £700M or so? But, this is all excluding inflation and not expecting any design modification to come. As we hope T26 Batch 2 will be modified in several respect, it will surely be a bit more expensive...

Poiuytrewq
Senior Member
Posts: 4066
Joined: 15 Dec 2017, 10:25
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Poiuytrewq »

Scimitar54 wrote:Do you seriously want to put the CASD deterrent at risk? :idea:
Of course not.

Let me turn the question around, what, in your opinion does a Frigate look like that is optimised for TAPs?

A Global Combat Ship or just the best submarine hunter in the world?
tomuk wrote:The cost per ship isn't £60m. You've taken the whole contract cost (includes development, design, manufacture and ammunition) and divided by three. The cost per gun set will be less.
Maybe, but not much. The 127mm system on the T26 is very very expensive.
tomuk wrote:Isn't it just one ship allocated to TAPS.
Availability needs to be 100% so at least 2 Frigates are required to provide this.
tomuk wrote:Would it not be better to have the flexibility of using 1/8 rather than 1/2 of your specialised T26 (TAPS) subclass.
The fully loaded T26's could conduct TAPs at any time if required but they would cost a lot more to operate than a vessel optimised for the task.
tomuk wrote:it wouldn't be a credible warship a la T31 due to its reduced weapons fit.
Why? It would still be the most effective submarine hunting Frigate in the world with 2150 and 2087 along with the ability to embark up to 2 Merlin. Eight Mk41 cells could contain ASROC and even a T31 weapons fit would be adequate for TAPs (57mm/2x 40mm/12 CAMM).

The very expensive Mk45 system, TLAM capability and all those extra Mk41 and CAMM cells are not required for TAPs.
Scimitar54 wrote: So what are you arguing for, 6 x Full Fat T26 and 2 x Neutered T26,
No, I am suggesting that if the T32's are to come in at £500m/£600m each then the programme should be deleted at this point and additional T26 hulls should be procured instead.

If the programme cost for five T32's comes in around £3bn that would likely procure up to FOUR T26's. That would be the escorts for the LRG's sorted.

Based on these new figures for T26 build costs, which are broadly in line with what many of us suspected for years, adding another class of Frigate seems unwarranted. Wasting more money on further design costs when two acceptable designs are already in production seems absurd.

tomuk
Senior Member
Posts: 1500
Joined: 20 Dec 2017, 20:24
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by tomuk »

donald_of_tokyo wrote:As we hope T26 Batch 2 will be modified in several respect
What improvements are we expecting? Filling Mk41 silos or the Mk45 magazine I would suggest would come from the weapons budget so wouldn't increase ship costs. Equally embarking any unmanned vehicles would be separate too. The only obvious one would be a better radar fit, a lower end son of Sampson, the mythical cylindrical array?

tomuk
Senior Member
Posts: 1500
Joined: 20 Dec 2017, 20:24
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by tomuk »

I'm sorry but how is T32 if based on T31 going to end up costing £600m?
What modifications can you make which more than double the cost of the ship?
Plus what about efficiencies gained during the T31 build?

On TAPS the other area not mentioned is the development of UUVs, USVs and UAVs for ASW the mostly likely place to deploy would be in home waters and you wouldn't need TAPS at all.

Poiuytrewq
Senior Member
Posts: 4066
Joined: 15 Dec 2017, 10:25
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Poiuytrewq »

tomuk wrote:I'm sorry but how is T32 if based on T31 going to end up costing £600m?
What modifications can you make which more than double the cost of the ship?
Plus what about efficiencies gained during the T31 build?
The likelihood of Babcock introducing a new class of five or more credible Frigates that are capable of escorting the LRG's for less than £2.5bn to £3bn is ZERO.

Much more cost effective to build addition T26's and T31's and upgrade the T31's to a credible escort spec.
tomuk wrote:On TAPS the other area not mentioned is the development of UUVs, USVs and UAVs for ASW the mostly likely place to deploy would be in home waters and you wouldn't need TAPS at all.
At about the same time TAPs is no longer required, Frigates will no longer be required.

I would suggest we are still some way from that scenario becoming reality.

tomuk
Senior Member
Posts: 1500
Joined: 20 Dec 2017, 20:24
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by tomuk »

Building more T31s to a 'credible' escort spec is what T32 is. Your argument is totally contradictory.

J. Tattersall

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by J. Tattersall »

Poiuytrewq wrote:Much more cost effective to build addition T26's and T31's and upgrade the T31's to a credible escort spec.
In what way is Type 31 not 'credible'?

Anthony58
Member
Posts: 69
Joined: 14 Feb 2021, 19:23
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Anthony58 »

TAPs, what is that ?

User avatar
Tempest414
Senior Member
Posts: 5598
Joined: 04 Jan 2018, 23:39
France

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Tempest414 »

Towed Array Patrol Ship to protect the SSBN,s

Caribbean
Senior Member
Posts: 2816
Joined: 09 Jan 2016, 19:08
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Caribbean »

tomuk wrote:Building more T31s to a 'credible' escort spec is what T32 is. Your argument is totally contradictory.
I think it would be better stated as "build T32 as the fleet escort variant of the T31 patrol frigate". Both would be "credible" in their own role.

A vessel equipped to a similar level as the T23, but based on the noisier A140 hull (which has a low-noise operating mode for ASW warfare and has been designed to accommodate quietening features) could well be a "credible escort" at a much lower cost than the top-end T26. Perhaps more focussed on defence in a fleet setting, whereas the T26 would be better suited to a more aggressive role, but still a valuable contributor.

However, I'm not sure that the T32 will turn out to be that sort of ship - I believe that it will be a MCMV "replacement", but focussed on UAV operation, so more flexible than the existing MCMVs
The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity. The optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.
Winston Churchill

donald_of_tokyo
Senior Member
Posts: 5567
Joined: 06 May 2015, 13:18
Japan

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by donald_of_tokyo »

tomuk wrote:Switching to that weapons fit wouldn't reduce the cost of extra T26 by much....
Poiuytrewq wrote:Really?
Are you aware that the first three Mk45's with associated auto magazines cost around £60m per hull. Hardly chicken feed.
Reducing the VLS tubes to a level specifically optimised for TAPs deployments would also save a considerable amount over the service lifetime of the vessels.
Shrinking the armament would also shrink the crew size and operating costs accordingly.
Having 2 out of 8 Type 26's constantly committed to TAP's is always going to be a colossal waste of very limited resources for RN.
Caribbean wrote:True - there are some big-ticket items - removing the 5' gun and magazine (and replacing with a 57mm) would save a lot. Dropping TLAM capability would also do so - I read somewhere that the mission planning and missile programming interface is $30m or so. Mk 41 cells aren't particularly expensive - it's the gubbins needed to make the missiles fly in the right direction that costs the money. Maybe just support ASROC. In fact, simply equipping with the T31 guns, sensors and comms would probably save a fair amount - you might be able to shave £100m off the cost, maybe a little more. In the end, I suspect that we would get a T31 built on an ASW hull, but for £500-550m build cost. Maybe it would be better to start with the A140 and insert all the quietening measures that it's designed to take and see what we get - I suspect that it will be considerably cheaper than the T26 based version.
Interesting discussion. I think the idea of "simplified T26" is valid, and can be a strong rival against "credible T32".

In detail, I have some comments.
- the £640M cost does NOT include the TLAM control system, for sure. Mk.41 VLS itself is not that expensive, and that is what T26 now has. No TLAM system.
- 127mm gun system with auto-load arsenal does cost significantly, but after removing the initial cost, it is more a modest.
As such, I do not think "ASW oriented" T26 will be as cheap of £500M. With 127mm gun replaced with 57 mm (not a big issue for ASW escort), and Mk.41 VLS reduced to 8-cell from 24, it will be more about a £600M figure.

A credible escort based on T31 is possible, but never be as capable as T26. T31 is a 6000t vessel. But its design concept is to "keep large headroom internally everywhere, for easy installing the equipments". In other words, its internal volume are forced to be low density and its "useful volume/weight" shall be much smaller than what we expect from its 6000t FLD (This is their design concept. So, this is for sure). Also, ASW quietness is anyway far better in T26 than in T31, for sure. This is also their design concept. No going the way to expensive top-ranked ASW frigates (as T23, FREMM, and T26).

But still, T31 can be up-armed and will be as credible as FTI, for example.

T32? Independent discussion.

donald_of_tokyo
Senior Member
Posts: 5567
Joined: 06 May 2015, 13:18
Japan

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by donald_of_tokyo »

Caribbean wrote:...However, I'm not sure that the T32 will turn out to be that sort of ship - I believe that it will be a MCMV "replacement", but focussed on UAV operation, so more flexible than the existing MCMVs
T31 is very bad at drone handling. Much less than T26. Can carry 4 (?) ISO container below the flight deck, and has only "one more" boat alcove, in addition to her own two RHIBs. (T26's drone handling capability and container carriage is twice or triple or even more better). If looking into the T32's task as "a drone mother ship", T31 is not a good option, without extensive modification.

But, this means it will require so-so level of detailed design and initial inefficiency cost. T31 was carefully designed to avoid big modification from Iver Huiltfeldt class, trying to make it simpler by all means, and adding one boat alcove and modifying the bridge wing. That's it. It was the key element to keep the cost of 5 ships as £2B.

#May be T32 discussion shall move to escort thread...

SD67
Senior Member
Posts: 1062
Joined: 23 Jul 2019, 09:49
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by SD67 »

donald_of_tokyo wrote:As such, I do not think "ASW oriented" T26 will be as cheap of £500M. With 127mm gun replaced with 57 mm (not a big issue for ASW escort), and Mk.41 VLS reduced to 8-cell from 24, it will be more about a £600M figure.
Donald-San,

Mk41 VLS according to this FMS is about 20 million USD per unit :
https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major- ... %20million.

Mk 45 gun according to this FMS is 75 million USD per unit :
https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major- ... %20billion.

Net the cost of the 57mm that's about 100 million GBP tops that you've taken out of a 1.2 billion GBP frigate.
It would be nice if T26 would move quickly down the cost curve with massive efficiency gains but trust me between the BAE Systems overhead base and the politics of the untouchable 2 yard set up at the Clyde it is simply not going to happen.

Anthony58
Member
Posts: 69
Joined: 14 Feb 2021, 19:23
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Anthony58 »

Thanks Tempest414

donald_of_tokyo
Senior Member
Posts: 5567
Joined: 06 May 2015, 13:18
Japan

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by donald_of_tokyo »

tomuk wrote:
donald_of_tokyo wrote:As we hope T26 Batch 2 will be modified in several respect
What improvements are we expecting? Filling Mk41 silos or the Mk45 magazine I would suggest would come from the weapons budget so wouldn't increase ship costs. Equally embarking any unmanned vehicles would be separate too. The only obvious one would be a better radar fit, a lower end son of Sampson, the mythical cylindrical array?
Sorry for late response.
- adding FC/ASW system does need, software install and integration with CMS, launch-management-system integrated into Mk.41 VLS (items onboard), in addition to the missiles themselves and its training, support, and logistics (outboard or the ammo itself). I understand items onboard shall be included in the ship cost (if not, T45 cost must not include PAAMS cost, which is not). And, of course, anyway MOD need to find the cost.
- improving the radar is, I think, MUST, because the T26 build will continue until 2036 or even longer.

NickC
Donator
Posts: 1448
Joined: 01 Sep 2017, 14:20
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by NickC »

SD67 wrote:
donald_of_tokyo wrote:As such, I do not think "ASW oriented" T26 will be as cheap of £500M. With 127mm gun replaced with 57 mm (not a big issue for ASW escort), and Mk.41 VLS reduced to 8-cell from 24, it will be more about a £600M figure.
Donald-San,

Mk41 VLS according to this FMS is about 20 million USD per unit :
https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major- ... %20million.

Mk 45 gun according to this FMS is 75 million USD per unit :
https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major- ... %20billion.

Net the cost of the 57mm that's about 100 million GBP tops that you've taken out of a 1.2 billion GBP frigate.
It would be nice if T26 would move quickly down the cost curve with massive efficiency gains but trust me between the BAE Systems overhead base and the politics of the untouchable 2 yard set up at the Clyde it is simply not going to happen.
The USN Justification Book for their proposed FY2022 budget presented to Congress gives much lower figures.

MK 41 Vertical Launch System (VLS)- 32 Cell $22.7 million [$5.7 million/£4 million per 8 cell unit] - FFG-Frigate/Constellation
MK 45 Light Weight Gun (LWG) $28.62 million/£20.6 million - DDG-51/Burke
(MoD paid $245 million/~£176 million to BAE Inc for the three Mk 45s with its new automated magazine option plus a land based training model for the T26s, would appear at first glance MoD paid ~£100 million premium for the automated magazine, but expect contract also include support package extending years etc. so impossible to know premium paid for the new automated magazine).
Re the 57mm gun, under the FFG-Frigate/Constellation it shows MK 48 Gun Weapon System (GWS), presuming that's the Mk110 57mm? for $12.785 million/£9.2 million

My impression is that the FMS figures of foreign sales are the full brochure price (including substantial percentage contribution to the R&D) to keep Congress sweet, they have to authorize all foreign sales, don't think many foreign buyers including UK of US kit pay the full brochure price, UK often buys its US kit via the US DoD so as to get same price as they pay.

PS. SD67 think you previously quoted 600 million Euros for the Italian FREMM, FWIW the 2015 Leonardo PR quotes 764 million euros for the 9th and 10th ships, 382 million euros /~£325 million each.

From <https://www.leonardocompany.com/it/pres ... mm-frigate>

SD67
Senior Member
Posts: 1062
Joined: 23 Jul 2019, 09:49
United Kingdom

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by SD67 »

Thanks alot, really interesting.

Just 382 million EUR for ships # 9 and 10 well that shows you what can be achieved with a learning curve and a swift drumbeat. Alot less than 1.2 bn GBP. The Clyde is uncompetitive and unviable, being drip fed work for political reasons, and the Navy is picking up the tab.

Ron5
Donator
Posts: 7293
Joined: 05 May 2015, 21:42
United States of America

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Ron5 »

JohnM wrote:The way I read it, the £640 million would be just the construction costs, much is the same way the actual construction costs of the T31s is $250 million... then you have to add everything else (GFE, etc.). Wouldn't be surprised is the final cost of the 5 T26 Batch 2 would be close to £700-750 million...
What are you assuming for GFX and additional costs?

Most of the extra in the T31 program is for CAMM which is not a GFX for the T26, the construction/modification of shore facilities, and of FOC testing. None of these would apply to additional T26's.

Ron5
Donator
Posts: 7293
Joined: 05 May 2015, 21:42
United States of America

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Ron5 »

Enigmatically wrote:You also need to consider through life costs to compare apples with apples.
Contrary to what the media would have you believe that is where most money goes. The 50% higher complement on T26 will make a big difference I'm afraid
Not if the 50% larger crew can be covered without increasing the size of the Navy because if you're not increasing overall number of sailors, there's no additional cost.

By the way, despite what the process might say, there's very little evidence that life time costs play much of a part in acquisition decisions.

Ron5
Donator
Posts: 7293
Joined: 05 May 2015, 21:42
United States of America

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Ron5 »

tomuk wrote:The
Poiuytrewq wrote:At £640m per hull, an additional two T26's setup specifically for TAPs with a 57mm in place of the 127mm and a reduced number of VLS tubes would seem like money well spent.
Switching to that weapons fit wouldn't reduce the cost of extra T26 by much and the figure 25% figure quoted by Sir Simon is also questionable if after building one hull, not fitted out, half building another and starting on the third you can now see savings of a quarter as client I would be asking for my money back on the current order before I bought anymore.
Huh? He said that future ships would be cheaper not the current ones. Go look for savings on the next contract dude.

Ron5
Donator
Posts: 7293
Joined: 05 May 2015, 21:42
United States of America

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Ron5 »

Caribbean wrote:The initial development and design costs of £1.3 billion will add £162 million to the cost of each of the 8 frigates, so a build cost of £640 to 800 million per hull will become a program cost of between £802 and £962 million
No it doesn't!! There's no extra development & design for an extra 3 T26's so a contract for them would be 3 time 640 million plus initial maintenance. No R&D!
Caribbean wrote: there is still the initial maintenance and training contract to add to that
True but not a huge amount.
Caribbean wrote:Then add in the actual running costs.
Running costs are not included in the T31's 2 billion so why would you include it in the extra T26 's?

Two things: stick to your day job, there's no future for you as an accountant :D :D

3 times 640 equals 1,920. Add in 80 mill for initial maintenance contracts for the 3, to take it to 2 billion.

Unfortunately that totally ignores the scheduling problem, more t26's means the T23's have to be run on for much longer at a big cost. Sigh.

Ron5
Donator
Posts: 7293
Joined: 05 May 2015, 21:42
United States of America

Re: Type 26 Frigate (City Class) (RN) [News Only]

Post by Ron5 »

Caribbean wrote:True - there are some big-ticket items - removing the 5' gun and magazine (and replacing with a 57mm) would save a lot. Dropping TLAM capability would also do so - I read somewhere that the mission planning and missile programming interface is $30m or so. Mk 41 cells aren't particularly expensive - it's the gubbins needed to make the missiles fly in the right direction that costs the money. Maybe just support ASROC. In fact, simply equipping with the T31 guns, sensors and comms would probably save a fair amount - you might be able to shave £100m off the cost, maybe a little more. In the end, I suspect that we would get a T31 built on an ASW hull, but for £500-550m build cost. Maybe it would be better to start with the A140 and insert all the quietening measures that it's designed to take and see what we get - I suspect that it will be considerably cheaper than the T26 based version.
Sorry but I'd go the other way. I think its a lot harder (more expensive) for an existing design to be modified to be as quiet as a T26 than it is to redesign the T26 to be cheaper. Just an opinion.

Nobody has suggested replacing the T26's very expensive gas turbine and main gearbox with a pair of diesels. Just thought I'd throw that in :D

Post Reply