Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Contains threads on Royal Navy equipment of the past, present and future.
donald_of_tokyo
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by donald_of_tokyo »

Gabriele wrote:Also again, the RN desperately needs to reassess what it really needs in terms of survivability when hit, and what can realistically be achieved in this area. They are paying a whole lot of money to protect the crew, and that is very noble, but any kind of damage that would sink a lower standard ship will mean, at the very least, a mission kill on the higher standard vessel. You have to decide, very urgently, how many more hulls you are willing to lose in order to pursue a survivability that might save lives but that will ultimately still cost the war as you will run out of ships very, very quickly. Also, passive survivability standards so far have effectively come at the expense of investment in decoys, active protection, sensors and weaponry. All of these are being cut back more and more, making it more likely that the ship will be hit in the first place. Obsession with these mythical standards will end up meaning little. It already does on Type 45, which is horribly vulnerable to loss of power from battle damage (or simple failure) despite all the capital expended into separate machinery spaces and bla-bla-bla.
I also remain supremely unconvinced about these mythological RN "special" standards that supposedly go above and beyond what happens in other navies.
Thanks Gabriele-san. Balance between standards and cost is exacly what is the issue here. I totally share your lists pointed out here. Standard is the point of dicussion, I agree.
Most likely no, it isn't any cheapter, actually. Algeria paid its LHD-frigate an amount of money directly comparable to the target price for Type 31. And it included ammunition and training, both things that Type 31 doesn't really include as the first comes through other budget lines and the second through yet another.
Finally, we know what usually happens with target prices. Type 26 itself started out at 350 million, remember...?
I am not still convinced here. You say, RN can build "armed Bay" with low standard and cheap. Then, why cannot T31 in low standard? We all know Khareef was built for 400M GBP for 3 hull, including the design cost. It is doable. What is diffucult is to make RN built a war-fighting vessel in low standard. It does not matter if it is "an armed Bay" or "a light frigate".
- Vulnerability. So, what? You are willing to load invaluable resources on the amphibs, with exactly the same level of survivability. Also, we have already been told that Type 31 will cut back in this area to achieve savings, so how much better will it actually be?
Big difference with a large vehicle deck and not. If not, you can have a firewall, many of them, but with vehicle deck, no fire wall there is. I cannot agree a light-frigate/patrol-frigate built to the same standard as Bay is similarly vulnerable. It is surely much more tolerable to attack even built to the same standard. Sorry I cannot understand your point, it is crystal clear for me.

But, yes, anyway we need to send Bays on theater. And Bays and your proposal ship has the same vulnerability, you said. This is true, I agree. But the big difference is that Bay is there to load something. After they get empty, they will go away. For example to some safer bay (say, South Geogia). If needed, they will come back with reload. If the light-frigate and Bays are merged ("chimera"), you are always vulnerable to attack, and you lose your "light frigate" when the ship goes back for reload.

I understand your merit list, but in real war, there is a clear demerit. It is just a matter of which to choose, I guess.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by LordJim »

The issue the RN has with its escorts fleet is simply that it does not have enough, we all agree on that. In an ideal world the MoD would order 13+ T-26 to correct this. But we cannot afford to so to try to maintain or possibly increase numbers the T-31 has been put forward. The problem here is that many people believe that as the RN has so few assets the T-31 must be almost as capable as the T-26 as the Rn needs to get the most out of every assets it has. This would make the T-31 unaffordable so we are back to the beginning.

I think we need to look at what the RN has historically used its escorts for, and whether we actually need a true escort in those roles. In my mind the T-31 is there to free up the T-26 and T-45 for their prime role of supporting the carriers. These are going to be the RN's prime assets and a carrier and its escort and support vessels need to be available on as short a notice as possible if not already at sea. Therefore these assets, when the ready carrier is in port need to be close enough to allow said carrier to sail ASAP when needed. This is going to put certain limits on where these assets can be used when not actually with the carrier.

This again brings me to what tasks we allocate to the T-26 and T-45 escorts. Putting aside all out war where every vessels that can would be put to use, I believe that vast majority of standing tasks the RN has could be done in peacetime by a less capable platform than either the T-26 or T-45. Of course there will be one or two T-26 and T-45 still available outside carrier support, so the highest risk task(s) could still be covered.

My worry is the RN will try to get as much on to the T-31 design as they think they can and would rather reduce its numbers that compromise on this, as they have done with both the T-26 and T-45. In fact it is not unrealistic to see the T-26 purchase dropped to 6 is the RN thinks it can get say 8 more T-31 that they believe are equipped a true escorts.

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WhitestElephant
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by WhitestElephant »

If Type 31 is to free up the Type 26 and Type 45 for carrier strike by performing the peacetime presence / constabulary tasks, then it is the most expensive option on the table. Spending 330 million (apiece) on something that looks like a frigate but doesn't have have the capabilities of a frigate = wasteful of resources and pointless.

Better to use the budget on two more full fat Type 26.

If we want a light patrol frigate, Batch 2 River class was our opportunity. But we blew it. The Batch 2s should have been longer, incorporated a wildcat hangar and armed with a 76mm. And lets face it, apart from a handful of CAMM and maybe a HMS, this level of capability is all we are going to get from T31 anyway, except packaged in a nicer looking and more expensive hull (E.g Cutlass, Venator 110).
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Jake1992 »

@Lordjim the only way I can see the RN cutting the T26 numbers to 6 is if theT31 become a capable ASW platform, as the RN have repetidly said the very very minimum ASW platforms they need to protect the carriers and vanguards is 8.

What the T31 needs to be is a half way house escort as in not as capable as T45 or T26 as money just isn't there, but still needs to be able to escort RFA vessels and be able to be "more" than what is in the gulf or Far East due to the talk of forward basing them there.
For me that mean it needs to be as capable a the current Anzac at least.

There is talk of going for a patrol frigate or a black swan type vessel, which I agree has good merit for replacing the mcm program and if done in numbers would rebalance the fleet which is needed, but if the T31 goes that way not matter how it is spun it would constitute a drop to 14 escorts at a time when every other nation is increasing top end numbers.

I also keep seeing talk of a self escort bay style vessel as the T31. Now I really can see the merit in this the large scale of flexiblity but my worry with this rout is that when the bay's come up for replacement HMG will simpley say well you've got the T31s so the bay's don't need a direct replacement. This intern will lead to the T31s doing the bay's job and again us going down to 14 escorts ( so for me that's a no go )

The only real proposed designs Iv seen that will be in any way and escort of any sort thuse maintaining 19 is either the venator 110 design or the Spartan design. The question is can they be done for the money talked about and is the £2bn figure the really budget

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Gabriele »

If Type 31 is to free up the Type 26 and Type 45 for carrier strike by performing the peacetime presence / constabulary tasks, then it is the most expensive option on the table. Spending 330 million (apiece) on something that looks like a frigate but doesn't have have the capabilities of a frigate = wasteful of resources and pointless.
That is the key point. Most expensive and, height of perversion, in many ways the less useful and flexible. Since compromise it must be, at least it should be a compromise that makes sense.

The fastest way to increase the number of hulls, in addition, would be keeping the River Batch 1s for home waters, and use the River Batch 2 abroad. Even as they are now (disappointing in several ways) there are tasks they can cover in more than acceptable way.

Of course, the problem shifts back to manpower right away, but if they are serious about "growing" the fleet, this is a problem that is bound to be faced at some point. Type 26 comes with a smaller core crew, but that alone is unlikely to solve the problems (to say the very least) especially since it'll take one literal age to go to a full Type 26 line up and even longer to fully replace all Type 23s in service (if they ever really get replaced one for one, which realitstically remains dubious).
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Aethulwulf »

I would expect the T31 will end up as something like the Venator or Cutlass design but with at least the first 3 or 4 ships delivered with a very light weapon and sensor fit, and designed to be easily upgraded. Maybe not much more than Artisan, 76mm main gun, 2 × 30mm, and a Wildcat hanger. This would be enough to take on FRE and APT(N) roles and be a step up from the River B2.

As the years progress and the number of T23s decline, the T31 can be fitted in service with 12 CAMM and maybe HMS to allow them to take on the APT(S) and Op Kipion roles.

The number of CAMM silos could be gradually increased to 24 or 48, and maybe half filled with Sea Spear.

They could even end up with a 5 inch gun and Mk41 silos.

However, the strategy will be to build them cheaply but upgradible. As their numbers increase and they take on more roles, some of the FFBNW items can be fitted.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Dahedd »

Instead of an armed variant of a Bay why not just base it on the Absalon as used by Denmark. It ticks all the boxes.

We all know it makes sense. Well armed, spacious cargo capacity for anti piracy or aid ops & space for 2 Merlin sized choppers.

Think I answered this in the wrong thread. Meant to be in the T31 discussion. Nvm :oops:

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Aethulwulf »

The Danish Navy have heavily invested over the years in the use of the StanFlex system, as used on the Absalon-class. The Royal Navy hasn't and none of its standard weapons are available in StanFlex versions.

However, the concept of a similar cross-over type vessel could be very interesting for MHC or MHPC class of ships.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Repulse »

Gabriele wrote:The fastest way to increase the number of hulls, in addition, would be keeping the River Batch 1s for home waters, and use the River Batch 2 abroad. Even as they are now (disappointing in several ways) there are tasks they can cover in more than acceptable way.
Agree - and I'd decommission 1 T23 now to support this approach.
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Dahedd »

[quote="Aethulwulf"]The Danish Navy have heavily invested over the years in the use of the StanFlex system, as used on the Absalon-class. The Royal Navy hasn't and none of its standard weapons are available in StanFlex versions.[_/quote]

Yes but camm is a soft launch module & harpoon is containerised & the Sea Sparrow missile system is in a mk 48 launcher. Non of it is beyond doing for the RN. The hangers even specifically designed with Merlin & Lynx in mind.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Aethulwulf »

I think a ship of the type of the Danish Absalon-class or the Damen Crossover design would be great for the MHC programme.

Natural expectations are that any mine hunter or survey ship is going to smaller than the T31. For example, BMT's Venator 110 design for the T31 and Venator 90 for the MHPC ships. A number of people have also been suggesting a T31 based around the Bay class.

I think it would be better to confound expectations a little and design the MHC ships around a crossover design that is significantly larger than any T31.

As has been shown in the Caribbean and the Mediterranean, the Bay is able to act as patrol ship for constabulary functions. But it is a long way off having the combat capabilities of the T26. Something like the Venator 110 design, while not in the same division as the T26, is at least playing the same game. The Absalon-class or Damon Crossover or Bay class would be fine for patrol frigate functions, but will always struggle with any more high end combat frigate roles.

There is no such clash when you think about these ships for the MHC role.

What do we want from ships in the MHC role?
•A weapon/sensor fit that enhances their survivability and allows them to be self-escorting - but there is no need for any offensive capabilities
•The ability to launch and recover a range of UXVs, some of which could well be quite large.
•The ability to deploy worldwide, with the range and endurance necessary to keep pace with an amphibious group
•Sufficient space and accommodation to allow for the embarkation of specialist personnel and equipment to remove the need for support from a mothership when mine sweeping and hunting.

A ~ 8000 ton ship with the X deck arrangements in the Damen Crossover design would appear to just what is needed for the MHC requirement.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Repulse »

As the MHC programme is all about off board systems then the platform could differ depending on the "mission". For example:

- CBG Deep Mine Protection: (Additional) T26s to act as Motherships?
- Literol Survey/ MCM for Amphibious Group: Maybe a LSD or Absalon
- Worldwide Survey and UK / Choke point MCM: T31 Sloops

Any MHC ships in my view should be multi-role, supporting the primary role (e.get Carrier / ARG Escort or Global Patrol).
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Engaging Strategy »

Repulse wrote:As the MHC programme is all about off board systems then the platform could differ depending on the "mission". For example:

- CBG Deep Mine Protection: (Additional) T26s to act as Motherships?
- Literol Survey/ MCM for Amphibious Group: Maybe a LSD or Absalon
- Worldwide Survey and UK / Choke point MCM: T31 Sloops

Any MHC ships in my view should be multi-role, supporting the primary role (e.get Carrier / ARG Escort or Global Patrol).
There are serious problems with the "mothership"/stand-off model for MCM. It has a place, but increasingly I'm convinced that you're still going to need a manned MCMV in the mix too.
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Aethulwulf »

Engaging Strategy wrote:There are serious problems with the "mothership"/stand-off model for MCM. It has a place, but increasingly I'm convinced that you're still going to need a manned MCMV in the mix too.
What are these serious problems? Can you give more details?

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Engaging Strategy »

Aethulwulf wrote:What are these serious problems? Can you give more details?
Where do you "stand off" in certain confined waters? How do you control your USVs if "standoff" is a hundred or more miles away? How do you protect them? How do you know your cheap steel hulled mothership isn't going to run into a mine?

Mothership + USVs gives a great sweeping and clearing platform, but not a good hunting platform.
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by S M H »

Engaging Strategy wrote:There are serious problems with the "mothership"/stand-off model for MCM. It has a place, but increasingly I'm convinced that you're still going to need a manned MCMV in the mix too.
There was serious consideration to using S.T.U.F.T rig tenders as deep sweepers when the M.O.D. disposed ok the R.N.R. dedicated vessels under options for change. Trials were done on a Mursk rig tender/anchor handler at F.M.B Rosyth. They were purchased as result of the lessons learnt from the trawlers taken up from trade in 1982. The hunts have had there static sweep gear removed and M.C.M is more about finding then destroying mines in lateral waters. But little has been done on deeper waters. Study and some limited trials were done into encapsulating mark 46l torpedoes as a mine. The smart mine caused the realisation that the surface vessels were especially vulnerable to this weapon. It was found it could be effectively countered by a towed decoy. This also covered the submarine lunched torpedoes and the Russian A.G.I.s with there single bow concealed tube(mine and torpedoed cleared) . With C3 escort the M.C.M.V,requirement would have been addressed. The requirement to retain dedicated M.C.M.V. covers lateral waters but doesn't task groups in deeper waters.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by abc123 »

Gabriele wrote: The merits are:

- Where disaster rellief is the mission, it has space to carry people and stores and means to bring them ashore. Significant help, unlike what a frigate can carry.

- A greater flight deck and space for carrying multiple helicopters / UAVs to better respond to the mission. Counter-piracy to counter-smuggling to blockade of Libya or Somalia (the scenarios offered for a "war" use of Type 31, in other words) would all benefit from carrying boats, helicopters and Marines.

- Adds amphibious lift and greater flexibility of role.

- In task group ops, rather than adding a lillypad for a single helo, it can sustain more helicopters and leave space on the carrier for more jets.

- Once armed with a main gun and CAMM and related sensors, it has exactly the same weapons fit.

- Vulnerability. So, what? You are willing to load invaluable resources on the amphibs, with exactly the same level of survivability. Also, we have already been told that Type 31 will cut back in this area to achieve savings, so how much better will it actually be? It will also likely be a CODAD propulsion, probably not much on the sprinter side, so that we actually don't know how much actual "advantage" there might be.
Also again, the RN desperately needs to reassess what it really needs in terms of survivability when hit, and what can realistically be achieved in this area. They are paying a whole lot of money to protect the crew, and that is very noble, but any kind of damage that would sink a lower standard ship will mean, at the very least, a mission kill on the higher standard vessel.
You have to decide, very urgently, how many more hulls you are willing to lose in order to pursue a survivability that might save lives but that will ultimately still cost the war as you will run out of ships very, very quickly.
Also, passive survivability standards so far have effectively come at the expense of investment in decoys, active protection, sensors and weaponry. All of these are being cut back more and more, making it more likely that the ship will be hit in the first place.
Obsession with these mythical standards will end up meaning little. It already does on Type 45, which is horribly vulnerable to loss of power from battle damage (or simple failure) despite all the capital expended into separate machinery spaces and bla-bla-bla.

I also remain supremely unconvinced about these mythological RN "special" standards that supposedly go above and beyond what happens in other navies
.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by abc123 »

Gabriele wrote:
If Type 31 is to free up the Type 26 and Type 45 for carrier strike by performing the peacetime presence / constabulary tasks, then it is the most expensive option on the table. Spending 330 million (apiece) on something that looks like a frigate but doesn't have have the capabilities of a frigate = wasteful of resources and pointless.
That is the key point. Most expensive and, height of perversion, in many ways the less useful and flexible. Since compromise it must be, at least it should be a compromise that makes sense.

The fastest way to increase the number of hulls, in addition, would be keeping the River Batch 1s for home waters, and use the River Batch 2 abroad. Even as they are now (disappointing in several ways) there are tasks they can cover in more than acceptable way.

Of course, the problem shifts back to manpower right away, but if they are serious about "growing" the fleet, this is a problem that is bound to be faced at some point. Type 26 comes with a smaller core crew, but that alone is unlikely to solve the problems (to say the very least) especially since it'll take one literal age to go to a full Type 26 line up and even longer to fully replace all Type 23s in service (if they ever really get replaced one for one, which realitstically remains dubious).
Fully agreed.
Fortune favors brave sir, said Carrot cheerfully.
What's her position about heavily armed, well prepared and overmanned armies?
Oh, noone's ever heard of Fortune favoring them, sir.
According to General Tacticus, it's because they favor themselves…

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Dahedd »

Aethulwulf wrote: The Absalon-class would be fine for patrol frigate functions, but will always struggle with any more high end combat frigate roles.
.
I fail to see quite why the Absalon would struggle in a high end combat role, its armament alone is comparable to the T26 plus it has 2 Merlin slots. Swap its current radar for Artisan & its sorted. Or is it just another case of wanting gold plated bespoke UK stuff even if its perfectly acceptable for a NATO ally ?

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by Jake1992 »

An Absalon type vessel would be a nice fit for the T31, but it would have to be a UK designed and built ship not just to keep our design capabilities up but beacuse HMG intend for it to be a export vessel. For us to be able to use it as a export vessel we would need to own the design out right it's not to do with RN gold plating.

The question is how much would a RN design and built version cost, and would it really be cheaper than something like the Spartan design, as that has a good size mission bay and stern ramp aswell as wing very well armed ?

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by R686 »

shark bait wrote:
The sooner they realize others wont be buying complete warships from us the better, then we can start coming up with a realistic plan.
I think your right on the money, I honestly don't think your going to get new exports with T31, your making the right moves with T26 but it's a long shot, even tho I want T26 for the RAN I just don't think it's going to happen.

I really think the UK should drop the 31 stick with 26 build in batches of 4, once number 9-12 are in the works an evelution of the design should be happening, put the 1st 4 ships on the open market at 10-15 years of age, that's the most likely way of keeping UK shipbuilding relevant.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by shark bait »

I agree with that @R686, the T26 is our biggest hope for export, the focus should be on that, but instead we now begin this new folly.

Really it is a distraction to hide a massive cut to the RN.
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by shark bait »

Jake1992 wrote:An Absalon type vessel would be a nice fit for the T31
Yes it would, unfortunately it would cost the same at the T26 so we're back to square one.
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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by marktigger »

there are countries who don't have the capability to build warships so we need to have the capacity to build for them.

As to Multipurpose vessels they become jack of all trades and master of none. Given the Frigate=ASW mentality of a number on this board I would suggest there would be uproar if the 31 in increased numbers was used for anything else.
The patrol role is now filled by river 2 , could the hydrography role go that way to? Minehunting with the modernization of the Hunts is on the long finger though would like to see the Harbour training one go through that process and then swapped with one of the Sandowns replacing her.

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Re: Current & Future Escorts - General Discussion

Post by shark bait »

There are so few who can't build their own, even Thailand does.

The few without a domestic capability will go cheap, so the Chinese, or if west aligned the French or Germans who are the well are established players.

Its a waste of time pretending the UK is going to be exporting ships around the world.
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